Fox and Duck Interview Puzzle

A number of different versions of the puzzle are available. For this post we are using the Fox and the Duck version. A duck, pursued by a fox, escapes to the center of a perfectly circular pond. The fox cannot swim, and the duck cannot take flight from the water. The fox is four times faster than the duck. Assuming the fox and duck pursue optimum strategies, is it possible for the duck to reach the edge of the pond and fly away without being eaten? If so, how?

From : IndiaDiscuss.com Interview Questions and Puzzles

Solution:
This is not a simple mathematical puzzle to solve like normal common problems. Fox in this puzzle is too fast and clever for any normal and simple strategy.

From the speed of the fox it is obvious that duck cannot simply swim to the opposite side of the fox to escape. Pi*R/4 < R.

Let V be the speed of Duck and 4V speed of fox.

Now we need to find out the position from where duck can swim to the shore in time less then Pi*R/4V. Pi = 3.14.

To keep things simple we will take the distance from center for the duck to escape when the fox is on the exact opposite side of the pond to be R/4.
So duck can swim in 3R/4V which is less than Pi*R/4V.

Now the next challenge is how we can make sure the clever fox will be on the opposite side. Here is the tricky part.

Let the duck rotate around the pond in a circle of radius R/4. Now fox and duck will take exact same time to make a full circle. Now reduce the radius the duck is circling by a very small amount (Delta). Now the Fox will lag behind, he cannot stay at a position as well. Now in due time duck will get to a position we wanted, 3/4*R distance away from shore where fox is on the exact opposite side of the pond. From there duck can swim safely to shore and fly away.